Expansive soils widely exist at different locations in nearly all new construction sites in Egypt. This type of soil exhibits significant change in volume when subjected to water. leading to distortions in the structures and therefore huge monetary losses due to repair and in some cases to full removal of the structures. An oedometer test is the widely used and most accurate apparatus... https://www.chiggate.com/3m-speedglas-9002nc-welding-helmet-fashion/